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Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania / t aɪ ˈ t eɪ n i ə /, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula TiO 2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. [4] It is a white solid that is insoluble in water, although mineral forms can appear ...
Titanium dioxide is the most commonly used compound of titanium. About 95% of all titanium ore is destined for refinement into titanium dioxide (TiO 2), an intensely white permanent pigment used in paints, paper, toothpaste, and plastics. [31] It is also used in cement, in gemstones, and as an optical opacifier in paper. [98] TiO
Titanium tetrachloride is also used to make titanium dioxide, e.g., for use in white paint. [19] It is widely used in organic chemistry as a Lewis acid, for example in the Mukaiyama aldol condensation. [20] In the van Arkel–de Boer process, titanium tetraiodide (TiI 4) is generated in the production of high purity titanium metal. [21]
A common reduced titanium oxide is TiO, also known as titanium monoxide. It can be prepared from titanium dioxide and titanium metal at 1500 °C. [4] Ti 3 O 5, Ti 4 O 7, and Ti 5 O 9 are non-stoichiometric oxides. These compounds are typically formed at high temperatures in the presence of excess oxygen.
Titanium(II) oxide (Ti O) is an inorganic chemical compound of titanium and oxygen. It can be prepared from titanium dioxide and titanium metal at 1500 °C. [1] It is non-stoichiometric in a range TiO 0.7 to TiO 1.3 and this is caused by vacancies of either Ti or O in the defect rock salt structure. [1]
A characteristic reaction of TiCl 4 is its easy hydrolysis, signaled by the release of HCl vapors and titanium oxides and oxychlorides. Titanium tetrachloride has been used to create naval smokescreens, as the hydrochloric acid aerosol and titanium dioxide that is formed scatter light very efficiently. This smoke is corrosive, however.
Titanium dioxide has been found to be toxic to plants and small organisms such as worms, nematodes, and small arthropods. [22] The toxicity of TiO 2 nanoparticles on nematodes increases with smaller nanoparticle diameter specifically 7 nm nanoparticles relative to 45 nm nanoparticles, but growth and reproduction are still affected regardless of ...
Titanium(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ti 2 O 3. A black semiconducting solid, it is prepared by reducing titanium dioxide with titanium metal at 1600 °C. [3] Ti 2 O 3 adopts the Al 2 O 3 (corundum) structure. [3] It is reactive with oxidising agents. [3] At around 200 °C, there is a transition from semiconducting to ...