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Historically, an association between the color of blood and rust occurs in the association of the planet Mars, with the Roman god of war, since the planet is an orange-red, which reminded the ancients of blood. Although the color of the planet is due to iron compounds in combination with oxygen in the Martian soil, it is a common misconception ...
The formed elements are the two types of blood cell or corpuscle – the red blood cells, (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes), and the cell fragments called platelets [12] that are involved in clotting. By volume, the red blood cells constitute about 45% of whole blood, the plasma about 54.3%, and white cells about 0.7%.
The color of red blood cells is due to the heme group of hemoglobin. The blood plasma alone is straw-colored, but the red blood cells change color depending on the state of the hemoglobin: when combined with oxygen the resulting oxyhemoglobin is scarlet, and when oxygen has been released the resulting deoxyhemoglobin is of a dark red burgundy ...
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that gives red blood cells their color and facilitates transportation of oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs to be exhaled. [3] Red blood cells are the most abundant cell in the blood, accounting for about 40–45% of its volume.
Iron in hemoglobin is the source of the red coloration of vertebrate blood. Hemoglobin diagram. Iron is an important biological element. [1] [2] [3] It is used in both the ubiquitous iron-sulfur proteins [1] and in vertebrates it is used in hemoglobin which is essential for blood and oxygen transport. [4]
Arterial blood, which is already oxygenated, is also already a brighter shade of red— this is the blood seen from a pulsating neck, arm, or leg wound, and it does not change colour upon exposure to air. [4] The colour "blood red", therefore, covers both these states: the darker deoxygenated colour and the brighter oxygenated one.
The following carbon numbering system of porphyrins is an older numbering used by biochemists and not the 1–24 numbering system recommended by IUPAC, which is shown in the table above. Heme l is the derivative of heme B which is covalently attached to the protein of lactoperoxidase , eosinophil peroxidase , and thyroid peroxidase .
Venous blood is typically colder than arterial blood, [1] and has a lower oxygen content and pH. It also has lower concentrations of glucose and other nutrients and has higher concentrations of urea and other waste products. The difference in the oxygen content of arterial blood and venous blood is known as the arteriovenous oxygen difference.