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The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union [e] ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.
Before the American Civil War, the United States was known as the "United States' federal union", a union of states controlled by the federal government in Washington, D.C. [8] [9] This was opposite to the CSA's first government, a confederation of independent states, functioning similarly to the European Union.
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February 1 – Texas secedes from the Union; February 4 – Secessionist states establish the Confederate States of America; February 9 – Jefferson Davis elected provisional president of the Confederacy. Alexander H. Stephens elected provisional vice president of the Confederacy.
Evolution of the Confederate States between December 1860 and July 1870. Secessionists argued that the United States Constitution was a contract among sovereign states that could be abandoned without consultation and each state had a right to secede. After intense debates and statewide votes, seven Deep South cotton states passed secession ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the American Civil War: American Civil War – civil war in the United States of America that lasted from 1861 to 1865. Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, also known
Unshaded areas were not states before or during the Civil War. Historical military map of the border and southern states by Phelps & Watson, 1866. In the American Civil War (1861–65), the border states or the Border South were four, later five, slave states in the Upper South that primarily supported the Union.
A Savage War: A Military History of the Civil War. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691169408. Nevins, Allan (1992) [1947]. Ordeal of the Union. Collier Books. ISBN 9780020354451. Paludan, Phillip Shaw (1996). A People's Contest: The Union and Civil War 1861–1865. ISBN 9780060159030. Potter, David M. (1976).