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Methotrexate, formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune-system suppressant. [4] It is used to treat cancer , autoimmune diseases , and ectopic pregnancies . [ 4 ] Types of cancers it is used for include breast cancer , leukemia , lung cancer , lymphoma , gestational trophoblastic disease , and osteosarcoma . [ 4 ]
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a branch of clinical chemistry and clinical pharmacology that specializes in the measurement of medication levels in blood. Its main focus is on drugs with a narrow therapeutic range , i.e. drugs that can easily be under- or overdosed. [ 1 ]
Glucarpidase is an enzyme that inactivates methotrexate rapidly after injection. Because this agent reduces systemic levels of methotrexate and could therefore interfere with efficacy, it is not recommended for use in patients with normal or only slightly impaired kidney function or in whom serum levels are normal.
Postmarketing surveillance (PMS), also known as post market surveillance, is the practice of monitoring the safety of a pharmaceutical drug or medical device after it has been released on the market and is an important part of the science of pharmacovigilance.
The principle of international collaboration in the field of pharmacovigilance is the basis for the WHO Programme for International Drug Monitoring, through which over 150 member nations have systems in place that encourage healthcare personnel to record and report adverse effects of drugs in their patients. [19]
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For example, methotrexate is used as cancer chemotherapy because it can prevent neoplastic cells from dividing. [1] [2] Bacteria also need DHFR to grow and multiply and hence inhibitors selective for bacterial vs. host DHFR have found application as antibacterial agents. [3] Tetrahydrofolate synthesis pathway
An ex-Mormon farm boy who sold his company, Braintree Venmo, to PayPal for $800 million, he’s turned his obviously bright mind on the business of himself—constantly testing, scanning, and ...