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Nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide), commonly known as laughing gas, nitrous, or factitious air, among others, [4] is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the formula N 2 O. At room temperature, it is a colourless non-flammable gas, and has a slightly sweet scent and taste. [4]
Dinitrogen oxide can potentially refer to any of at least four compounds: Dinitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide), N 2 O Dinitrogen dioxide , N 2 O 2 , an unstable dimer of nitric oxide
Formula Nitroxide: O=N ... ("MON"): solutions of nitric oxide in dinitrogen tetroxide/nitrogen dioxide. Nitric oxide, NO. Nitrogen dioxide, NO 2. Nitrous oxide, N 2 O.
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), and occasionally (usually among ex-USSR/Russian rocket engineers) as amyl, is the chemical compound N 2 O 4. It is a useful reagent in chemical synthesis. It forms an equilibrium mixture with nitrogen dioxide. Its molar mass is 92.011 g/mol.
One other possible oxide that has not yet been synthesised is oxatetrazole (N 4 O), an aromatic ring. [15] Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), better known as laughing gas, is made by thermal decomposition of molten ammonium nitrate at 250 °C. This is a redox reaction and thus nitric oxide and nitrogen are also produced as byproducts.
2 O + H 2 O (Nitric-oxide reductase) N 2 O + 2 H + + 2 e − → N 2 + H 2 O (Nitrous-oxide reductase) The complete process can be expressed as a net balanced redox reaction, where nitrate (NO 3 −) gets fully reduced to dinitrogen (N 2): 2 NO 3 − + 10 e − + 12 H + → N 2 + 6 H 2 O
Dinitrogen pentoxide (also known as nitrogen pentoxide or nitric anhydride) is the chemical compound with the formula N 2 O 5. It is one of the binary nitrogen oxides, a family of compounds that contain only nitrogen and oxygen. It exists as colourless crystals that sublime slightly above room temperature, yielding a colorless gas. [4]
Although the reaction is relatively slow, it is an important reaction in urban areas. [36] In addition, the nitrate radical (NO 3) is formed by the reaction between NO 2 and ozone. At night, NO 3 further reacts with NO 2 and establishes an equilibrium reaction with dinitrogen pentoxide (N 2 O 5). [36]