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Certain verbs in Latin have the form of a passive verb, but the meaning is active. These verbs are known as deponent verbs. [10] An example is the verb sequor 'I follow': (a) Infectum tenses Present: sequor 'I follow, I am following' Future: sequar 'I will follow, I will be following' Imperfect: sequēbar 'I was following, I used to follow' (b ...
Latin is a heavily inflected language with largely free word order. Nouns are inflected for number and case; pronouns and adjectives (including participles) are inflected for number, case, and gender; and verbs are inflected for person, number, tense, aspect, voice, and mood.
Semi-deponent verbs form their imperfective aspect tenses in the manner of ordinary active verbs; but their perfect tenses are built periphrastically like deponents and ordinary passives; thus, semi-deponent verbs have a perfect active participle instead of a perfect passive participle. An example: audeō, audēre, ausus sum – to dare, venture
Latin word order is relatively free. The verb may be found at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence; an adjective may precede or follow its noun (vir bonus or bonus vir both mean 'a good man'); [5] and a genitive may precede or follow its noun ('the enemies' camp' can be both hostium castra and castra hostium; the latter is more common). [6]
As an existential verb, est (or its past tense erat) often goes at the beginning of the sentence. [118] These sentences are also called "presentative" sentences, that is, sentences which serve to introduce new entities into the discourse. [119] erat ā septentriōnibus collis. [120] "On the north side, there was a hill." erat vallis inter duās ...
Latin tenses with modality; V. Verb of fearing; Latin verb paradigms; W. Latin word order This page was last edited on 5 October 2020, at 23:18 (UTC). ...
The fourth principal part is sometimes omitted for intransitive verbs, but strictly in Latin, they can be made passive if they are used impersonally, and the supine exists for such verbs. The six simple tenses of Latin are divided into two systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect and future forms, and the perfect ...
In the verb sum 'I am', the imperfect tense eram and the perfect fuī both mean 'I was', but in Latin there is usually a difference. As with other verbs, the perfect is usually used when the length of time is mentioned: diū ... silentium fuit (Livy) [57] 'for a long time there was silence' caecus multōs annōs fuit (Cicero) [58] 'for many ...