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  2. Linear programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_programming

    However, some problems have distinct optimal solutions; for example, the problem of finding a feasible solution to a system of linear inequalities is a linear programming problem in which the objective function is the zero function (i.e., the constant function taking the value zero everywhere).

  3. Constraint satisfaction problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Constraint_satisfaction_problem

    In the general case, constraint problems can be much harder, and may not be expressible in some of these simpler systems. "Real life" examples include automated planning, [6] [7] lexical disambiguation, [8] [9] musicology, [10] product configuration [11] and resource allocation. [12] The existence of a solution to a CSP can be viewed as a ...

  4. Constrained optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constrained_optimization

    Each such problem is the subproblem obtained by dropping a sequence of variables , …, from the original problem, along with the constraints containing them. After the problem on variables x i + 1 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{i+1},\ldots ,x_{n}} is solved, its optimal cost can be used as an upper bound while solving the other problems,

  5. Partial differential equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_differential_equation

    In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which involves a multivariable function and one or more of its partial derivatives.. The function is often thought of as an "unknown" that solves the equation, similar to how x is thought of as an unknown number solving, e.g., an algebraic equation like x 2 − 3x + 2 = 0.

  6. Equation solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_solving

    An example of using Newton–Raphson method to solve numerically the equation f(x) = 0. In mathematics, to solve an equation is to find its solutions, which are the values (numbers, functions, sets, etc.) that fulfill the condition stated by the equation, consisting generally of two expressions related by an equals sign.

  7. List of NP-complete problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NP-complete_problems

    Partition problem [2] [3]: SP12 Quadratic assignment problem [3]: ND43 Quadratic programming (NP-hard in some cases, P if convex) Subset sum problem [3]: SP13 Variations on the Traveling salesman problem. The problem for graphs is NP-complete if the edge lengths are assumed integers. The problem for points on the plane is NP-complete with the ...

  8. Straightedge and compass construction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straightedge_and_compass...

    Many of these problems are easily solvable provided that other geometric transformations are allowed; for example, neusis construction can be used to solve the former two problems. In terms of algebra , a length is constructible if and only if it represents a constructible number , and an angle is constructible if and only if its cosine is a ...

  9. Problem solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving

    The former is an example of simple problem solving (SPS) addressing one issue, whereas the latter is complex problem solving (CPS) with multiple interrelated obstacles. [1] Another classification of problem-solving tasks is into well-defined problems with specific obstacles and goals, and ill-defined problems in which the current situation is ...