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  2. Conflict thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_thesis

    The conflict thesis is a historiographical approach in the history of science that originated in the 19th century with John William Draper and Andrew Dickson White. It maintains that there is an intrinsic intellectual conflict between religion and science , and that it inevitably leads to hostility.

  3. Clash of Civilizations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clash_of_Civilizations

    According to the theory of "band-wagoning", non-Western countries can join and accept Western values. Non-Western countries can make an effort to balance Western power through modernization. They can develop economic/military power and cooperate with other non-Western countries against the West while still preserving their own values and ...

  4. Thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 February 2025. Work by academic candidate For other uses, see Thesis (disambiguation). "Dissertation" redirects here. For other uses, see Dissertation (disambiguation). Dutch 18th century doctoral ceremony at Leiden University shown on the frontispiece of a PhD thesis, Netherlands. Disputatio ...

  5. Frontier Thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Thesis

    The Frontier Thesis came about at a time when the Germanic germ theory of history was popular. Proponents of the germ theory believed that political habits are determined by innate racial attributes. [5] Americans inherited such traits as adaptability and self-reliance from the Germanic peoples of Europe.

  6. Dialectic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialectic

    This dialectic is sometimes presented in a threefold manner, as first stated by Heinrich Moritz Chalybäus, as comprising three dialectical stages of development: a thesis, giving rise to its reaction; an antithesis, which contradicts or negates the thesis; and the tension between the two being resolved by means of a synthesis.

  7. Conflict theories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_theories

    Conflict theories are perspectives in political philosophy and sociology which argue that individuals and groups (social classes) within society interact on the basis of conflict rather than agreement, while also emphasizing social psychology, historical materialism, power dynamics, and their roles in creating power structures, social movements, and social arrangements within a society.

  8. Duhem–Quine thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duhem–Quine_thesis

    The Duhem–Quine thesis argues that no scientific hypothesis is by itself capable of making predictions. [3] Instead, deriving predictions from the hypothesis typically requires background assumptions that several other hypotheses are correct — that an experiment works as predicted, or that previous scientific theory is accurate.

  9. Merton thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merton_Thesis

    The Merton thesis has two separate parts: firstly, it presents a theory that science changes due to an accumulation of observations and improvement in experimental technique and methodology; secondly, it puts forward the argument that the popularity of science in England in the 17th century, and the religious demography of the Royal Society (English scientists of that time were predominantly ...