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The natural numbers 0 and 1 are trivial sum-product numbers for all , and all other sum-product numbers are nontrivial sum-product numbers. For example, the number 144 in base 10 is a sum-product number, because 1 + 4 + 4 = 9 {\displaystyle 1+4+4=9} , 1 × 4 × 4 = 16 {\displaystyle 1\times 4\times 4=16} , and 9 × 16 = 144 {\displaystyle 9 ...
The first solution with no prime number is the fourth which appears at X + Y ≤ 2522 or higher with values X = 16 = 2·2·2·2 and Y = 111 = 3·37. If the condition Y > X > 1 is changed to Y > X > 2, there is a unique solution for thresholds X + Y ≤ t for 124 < t < 5045, after which there are multiple solutions. At 124 and below, there are ...
This example is an instance of the Few Sums, Many Products [6] version of the sum-product problem of György Elekes and Imre Z. Ruzsa. A consequence of their result is that any set with small additive doubling (such as an arithmetic progression) has the lower bound on the product set | AA | = Ω(| A | 2 log −1 (| A |)).
In a perfect information scenario, E can be defined as the sum product of the probability of a good outcome g times its cost k, plus the probability of a bad outcome (1-g) times its cost k'>k: E = gk + (1-g)k', which is revised to reflect expected cost F of perfect information including consulting cost c. The perfect information case assumes ...
In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplication, or an expression that identifies objects (numbers or variables) to be multiplied, called factors.For example, 21 is the product of 3 and 7 (the result of multiplication), and (+) is the product of and (+) (indicating that the two factors should be multiplied together).
The solution to this problem can be used to estimate the probability that two large random numbers are coprime. Two random integers in the range from 1 to n {\displaystyle n} , in the limit as n {\displaystyle n} goes to infinity, are relatively prime with a probability that approaches 6 / π 2 {\displaystyle 6/\pi ^{2}} , the reciprocal of the ...
Conversely, given a solution to the SubsetSumZero instance, it must contain the −T (since all integers in S are positive), so to get a sum of zero, it must also contain a subset of S with a sum of +T, which is a solution of the SubsetSumPositive instance. The input integers are positive, and T = sum(S)/2.
In number theory and computer science, the partition problem, or number partitioning, [1] is the task of deciding whether a given multiset S of positive integers can be partitioned into two subsets S 1 and S 2 such that the sum of the numbers in S 1 equals the sum of the numbers in S 2.
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