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In brewing, decoction mashing is the traditional method where a portion of the mash is removed to a separate vessel, boiled for a time and then returned to the main mash, raising the mash to the next temperature step. [citation needed] In herbalism, decoctions are usually made to extract fluids from hard plant materials such as roots and bark. [2]
A close-up view of grains steeping in warm water during the mashing stage of brewing. In brewing and distilling, mashing is the process of combining ground grain – malted barley and sometimes supplementary grains such as corn, sorghum, rye, or wheat (known as the "grain bill") – with water and then heating the mixture.
Tea is a common example of an infusion; most varieties of tea call for steeping the leaves in hot water, although some variants (e.g. Moroccan mint tea) call for decoction instead. Many herbal teas are prepared by infusion, as well; lemon, chamomile, senna, apple, ginger, rooibos, and many other plants are used individually or in combination.
Mixing of liquids occurs frequently in process engineering. The nature of liquids to blend determines the equipment used. Single-phase blending tends to involve low-shear, high-flow mixers to cause liquid engulfment, while multi-phase mixing generally requires the use of high-shear, low-flow mixers to create droplets of one liquid in laminar, turbulent or transitional flow regimes, depending ...
In medicine, infusion therapy deals with all aspects of fluid and medication infusion, via intravenous or subcutaneous application. A special infusion pump can be used for this purpose. [1] A fenestrated catheter is frequently inserted into the localized area to be treated. There are a range of delivery methods for infusion of drugs via catheter:
An example of a Levey–Jennings chart with upper and lower limits of one and two times the standard deviation. A Levey–Jennings chart is a graph that quality control data is plotted on to give a visual indication whether a laboratory test is working well. The distance from the mean is measured in standard deviations.
ISO 15926 - Integration of Life-cycle Data for Process Plants including Oil and Gas Production Facilities; ISO 15927 Hygrothermal performance of buildings – Calculation and presentation of climatic data ISO 15927-1:2003 Part 1: Monthly means of single meteorological elements; ISO 15927-2:2009 Part 2: Hourly data for design cooling load
Quality control begins with sample collection and ends with the reporting of data. [4] AQC is achieved through laboratory control of analytical performance. Initial control of the complete system can be achieved through specification of laboratory services, instrumentation, glassware, reagents, solvents, and gases.