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Nepal was previously ruled by the Nepal Communist Party, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist), and the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) between 1994 and 1998 and then again between 2008 and 2018 while states formerly ruled by one or more communist parties include San Marino (1945–1957 and 1978-1990), Moldova ...
They share a common definition of socialism, and they refer to themselves as socialist states on the road to communism with a leading vanguard party structure, hence they are often called communist states. Meanwhile, the countries in the non-Marxist–Leninist category represent a wide variety of different interpretations of the term socialism ...
The communist state is the dictatorship of the proletariat, where the advanced elements of the proletariat are the ruling class. [31] In Marxist–Leninist thinking, the socialist state is the last repressive state since the next stage of development is that of pure communism, a classless and stateless society. [31]
The term communist state is often used synonymously in the West, specifically when referring to one-party socialist states governed by Marxist–Leninist communist parties, despite these countries being officially socialist states in the process of building socialism and progressing toward a communist society. These countries never describe ...
[8] [9] Sometimes they are more generally referred to as "the countries of Eastern Europe under communism", [10] excluding Mongolia, but including Yugoslavia and Albania which had both split with the Soviet Union by the 1960s. [11] Even though Yugoslavia was a socialist country, it was not a member of the Comecon or the Warsaw Pact.
A document from the collection of Henri Max Corwin, equating Joseph Stalin with Adolf Hitler. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the Soviet Union during the period of Joseph Stalin's rule, along with Nazi Germany, was a "modern example" of a totalitarian state, being among "the first examples of decentralized or popular totalitarianism, in which the state achieved overwhelming popular ...
In Cyprus, the veteran communist Dimitris Christofias of AKEL won the 2008 presidential election, the first and only communist head of state of a European Union country. [ 178 ] [ 179 ] In Ukraine and Russia , the communists came second in the 2002 Ukrainian parliamentary election and the 2003 Russian legislative election , respectively.
Different communist schools of thought place a greater emphasis on certain aspects of classical Marxism while rejecting or modifying other aspects. Many communist schools of thought have sought to combine Marxian concepts and non-Marxian concepts which has then led to contradictory conclusions. [12]