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Short title: UU 50 Tahun 2009.rtf; Author: user: Image title: File change date and time: 20:22, 25 September 2012: Date and time of digitizing: 18:13, 11 November 2009
Historically, the jizya tax has been understood in Islam as a fee for protection provided by the Muslim ruler to non-Muslims, for the exemption from military service for non-Muslims, for the permission to practice a non-Muslim faith with some communal autonomy in a Muslim state, and as material proof of the non-Muslims' allegiance to the Muslim ...
The concept of profit acts as a symbol in Islam as equal sharing of profits, losses, and risks. The movement started with activists and scholars such as Anwar Qureshi, [ 33 ] Naeem Siddiqui , [ 34 ] Abul A'la Maududi , Muhammad Hamidullah , in the late 1940 and early 1950s. [ 35 ]
On 10 April 2007, police in the town of Pasuruan, East Java, arrested two men, Rochamim (or Rohim) and Toyib. Toyib was a follower of Rochamim who, according to local residents, said things such as Islam is an Arab religion; prayers five times a day are unnecessary; and the Quran is full of lies.