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Symptoms vary according to individuals' hydration level and sensitivity to the rate and/or magnitude of decline of their blood glucose concentration. [citation needed] A crash is usually felt within four hours of heavy carbohydrate consumption. Along with the symptoms of hypoglycemia, symptoms of reactive hypoglycemia include: [7] [8] [9]
Hypochloremia (or Hypochloraemia) is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally low level of the chloride ion in the blood. The normal serum range for chloride is 97 to 107 mEq/L. [citation needed] It rarely occurs in the absence of other abnormalities. It is sometimes associated with hypoventilation. [1]
According to the American Diabetes Association, the fasting blood glucose target range for diabetics, should be 3.9 - 7.2 mmol/L (70 - 130 mg/dL) and less than 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) two hours after meals (as measured by a blood glucose monitor). [6] [7] [9] Normal value ranges may vary slightly between laboratories.
The signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia are present (see section below on Signs and Symptoms) [2] [10] A low blood glucose measurement is present, typically less than 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) [2] The signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia resolve after blood glucose levels have returned to normal [2]
There is some evidence of the existence of a so-called "adrenergic postprandial syndrome": the blood glucose level is normal, and the symptoms are caused through autonomic adrenergic response. [6] Often, this syndrome is associated with emotional distress and anxious behaviour of the patient. [7] [8]
Whipple's triad is a collection of three signs (called Whipple's criteria) that suggests that a patient's symptoms result from hypoglycaemia that may indicate insulinoma.The essential conditions are symptoms of hypoglycaemia, low blood plasma glucose concentration, and relief of symptoms when plasma glucose concentration is increased.
Chloride, after sodium, is the second most abundant electrolyte in the blood and most abundant in the extracellular fluid. [18] Most of the chloride in the body is from salt (NaCl) in the diet. [19] Chloride is part of gastric acid (HCl), which plays a role in absorption of electrolytes, activating enzymes, and killing bacteria.
Achlorhydria and hypochlorhydria refer to states where the production of hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions of the stomach and other digestive organs is absent or low, respectively. [1] It is associated with various other medical problems.