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Roger I (Italian: Ruggero; Arabic: رُجار, romanized: Rujār; Maltese: Ruġġieru; Norse: Rogierr; c. 1031 [1] – 22 June 1101), nicknamed "Roger Bosso" and "Grand Count Roger", [a] was a Norman nobleman who became the first Grand Count of Sicily from 1071 to 1101.
The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which included the island of Sicily, the southern third of the Italian Peninsula (including Benevento, which was briefly held twice), the archipelago of Malta, and parts of North Africa.
The Hauteville family (Italian: Altavilla, Sicilian: Autaviḍḍa) was a Norman family, originally of petty lords, from the Cotentin Peninsula in Normandy. [ 7 ] The Hautevilles rose to prominence through their part in the Norman conquest of southern Italy .
The Kingdom of Sicily, 1100-1250: A Literary History. University of Pennsylvania Press. Mendola, Louis. The Kingdom of Sicily 1130-1266: The Norman-Swabian Age and the Identity of a People, Trinacria Editions, New York, 2021. Metcalfe, Alex. Muslims and Christians in Norman Sicily: Arabic Speakers and the End of Islam, Routledge, 2002. Metcalfe ...
The first Sicilian monarch was Roger I, Count of Sicily. The last monarch was King Ferdinand III of Sicily; during his reign, the Kingdom of Naples merged with the Kingdom of Sicily. The subsequent monarchs were Kings of the Two Sicilies. See also: List of monarchs of Sicily; List of monarchs of Naples. Kings of Naples family tree
Lopez, Robert S. (1969). "The Norman Conquest of Sicily". In Setton, Kenneth Meyer (ed.). A History of the Crusades. Vol. 1. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 54– 67. ISBN 978-0299048341. Malaterra, Geoffrey (2005). The Deeds of Count Roger of Calabria and Sicily and His Brother Duke Robert Guiscard. Translated by Wolf, K. University of ...
The Normans' initial military involvement in southern Italy was on the side of the Lombards against the Byzantines. Eventually, some Normans, including the powerful de Hauteville brothers, served in the army of George Maniakes during the attempted Byzantine reconquest of Sicily, only to turn against their employers when the emirs proved difficult to conquer.
The Norman invasion of Malta was an attack on the island of Malta, then inhabited predominantly by Muslims, by forces of the Norman County of Sicily led by Roger I in 1091. The invaders besieged Medina (modern Mdina), the main settlement on the island, but the inhabitants managed to negotiate peace terms. The Muslims freed Christian captives ...