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Three out of four standard variants have the same set of 30 regular phonemes, so the Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian Latin and Serbian Cyrillic alphabets map one to one with one another and with the phoneme inventory, while Montenegrin alphabet has 32 regular phonemes, the additional two being Ś and Ź .
Serbo-Croatian (/ ˌ s ɜːr b oʊ k r oʊ ˈ eɪ ʃ ən / ⓘ SUR-boh-kroh-AY-shən) [10] [11] – also called Serbo-Croat (/ ˌ s ɜːr b oʊ ˈ k r oʊ æ t / SUR-boh-KROH-at), [10] [11] Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), [12] Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), [13] and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) [14] – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia ...
Croatian and Serbian, official in Croatia and Serbia respectively, are mutually intelligible standard varieties of the Serbo-Croatian language. Between the two states, 186,633 Serbs live in Croatia with 57,900 Croats living in Serbia (as of 2011). [1] [2] Croatia has an embassy in Belgrade and a general consulate in Subotica.
These supradialects, and the four national standards, are usually subsumed under the term "Serbo-Croatian" in English; this term is controversial for native speakers, [18] and names such as "Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian" (BCMS) are used by linguists and philologists in the 21st century.
The Serbs of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Срби у Хрватској / Srbi u Hrvatskoj) or Croatian Serbs (Serbo-Croatian: Хрватски Срби / Hrvatski Srbi) constitute the largest national minority in Croatia. The community is predominantly Eastern Orthodox Christian by religion, as opposed to the Croats who are Catholic.
The Croat National Council is a body of self-government of the Croatian minority in Serbia. [15] On 11 June 2005 the Council adopted the historical coat of arms of Croatia, a checkerboard consisting of 13 red and 12 white fields (the difference with the Croatian coat of arms being the crown on top).
Serbian is a standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, [20] [21] a Slavic language (Indo-European), of the South Slavic subgroup. Other standardized forms of Serbo-Croatian are Bosnian, Croatian, and Montenegrin. "An examination of all the major 'levels' of language shows that BCS is clearly a single language with a single grammatical system."
Standard Croatian and Bosnian are based on Ijekavian, whereas Serbian uses both Ekavian and Ijekavian forms (Ijekavian for Montenegrin, Croatian and Bosnian Serbs; Ekavian for most of Serbia). Influence of standard language through state media and education has caused non-standard varieties to lose ground to the literary forms.