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Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().
Lung cancer in men, breast and gynaecological tumours in women and colorectal cancers in both sexes Scleroderma‐like skin changes Carcinoid syndrome Paraneoplastic pemphigus B‐cell proliferations and thymoma or thymoma‐like neoplasms; specifically Non Hodgkin's lymphoma (42%) Dermatitis herpetiformis: Lymphoma
Castleman diseases; Other names: Giant lymph node hyperplasia, lymphoid hamartoma, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia: Micrograph of Castleman disease showing hyaline vascular features including atrophic germinal center, expanded mantle zone, and a radially penetrating sclerotic blood vessel ("lollipop" sign).
Other skin abnormalities include thickening, hypertrichosis, acquired facial lipoatrophy, and infiltrating livedo reticularis with necrosis. POEMS syndrome can also cause Vascular-type skin changes including acrocyanosis, flushing, hyperaemia, and Raynaud's phenomenon. Nail changes consist of leukonychia and clubbing. [11]
Studies of patients with lipodermatosclerosis have demonstrated significantly decreased concentrations of cutaneous oxygen associated with decreased capillary density. Capillaries are virtually absent in areas of fibrotic scars, leading to a condition known as atrophie blanche or livedoid vasculopathy.
Clinical features may include constitutional symptoms like fever, arthralgia, myalgia, loss of appetite, weight loss and fatigue.A variety of organs can be affected, which causes a wide range of symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis (coughing up of blood), symptoms of kidney failure, skin manifestations (palpable purpura and livedo racemosa [1]), seizures or peripheral ...
Usually, pseudoxanthoma elasticum affects the skin first, often in childhood or early adolescence. [7] Small, yellowish papular lesions form and cutaneous laxity mainly affect the neck, axillae (armpits), groin, and flexural creases (the inside parts of the elbows and knees). [3] [8] Skin may become lax and redundant.