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Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae consist of the process of the last lumbar vertebra fusing with the first sacral segment. [1] While only around 10 percent of adults have a spinal abnormality due to genetics, a sixth lumbar vertebra is one of the more common abnormalities. [2] Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the ...
Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.
Hypoplasia (from Ancient Greek ὑπo-(hypo-) ' under ' and πλάσις (plasis) ' formation '; adjective form hypoplastic) is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ. [1] Although the term is not always used precisely, it properly refers to an inadequate or below-normal number of cells. [ 2 ]
The lordosis reflex arc is hardwired in the spinal cord, at the level of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae (L1, L2, L5, L6 and S1). [3] In the brain, several regions modulate the lordosis reflex. The vestibular nuclei and the cerebellum , via the vestibular tract, send information which makes it possible to coordinate the lordosis reflex with ...
Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a developmental disorder caused by an autosomal dominant genetic defect in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene that results in a disproportionately short stature, micromelia [3] and a head that appears large in comparison with the underdeveloped portions of the body.
Lhermitte sign is not attributed to its discoverer. [12] It was first described by Pierre Marie and Chatelin in 1917. [13] Jean Lhermitte, a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist, did not publish his first report until 1920. [14]
An osteochondrodysplasia, [note 1] or skeletal dysplasia, is a disorder of the development of bone and cartilage. [1] Osteochondrodysplasias are rare diseases.About 1 in 5,000 babies are born with some type of skeletal dysplasia. [2]
Twelfth rib syndrome, also known as rib tip syndrome, is a painful condition that occurs as a result of highly mobile floating ribs.It commonly presents as pain that may be felt in the lower back or lower abdominal region as a result of the 11th or 12th mobile rib irritating the surrounding tissues and nervous systems.