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Roman head of a Dacian of the type known from Trajan's Forum, AD 120–130, marble, on 18th-century bust. The Dacians (/ ˈ d eɪ ʃ ən z /; Latin: Daci; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, [1] Δάοι, [1] Δάκαι [2]) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.
The hold of the Dacians between the Danube and the Tisza was tenuous. [11] However, the archaeologist Parducz argued for a Dacian presence west of the Tisa dating from the time of Burebista. [12] According to Tacitus (AD 56–117) Dacians bordered Germania in the south-east, while Sarmatians bordered it in the east. [13]
These peoples dwelt from west of the Tyras river and east of the Carpathian Mountains in the north, to the north coast of the Aegean Sea in the south, from the west coast of the Pontus Euxinus in the east, to roughly the Angrus (modern South Morava) river basin, Tisia (modern Tisza) and Danubius (modern Danube) rivers in the west.
In particular, they see the first element of their name as a corruption of coto-, a Celtic root meaning "old" or "crooked" (cf. Cotini, an eastern Celtic tribe in the same Carpathian region; Cottius, a king of the Celtic Taurini in the western Alps. One Pliny manuscript variant of the name Costoboci is Cotoboci). However, Faliyeyev argues that ...
Map of Roman Dacia between 106 and 271, including the areas with Free Dacians, Carpi and Costoboci. The Free Dacians (Romanian: Dacii liberi) is the name given by some modern historians to those Dacians [1] who remained outside, or emigrated from, the Roman Empire after the emperor Trajan's Dacian Wars (AD 101-6).
Map showing Roman Dacia and surrounding peoples in 125 AD. The Bastarnae, Bastarni or Basternae, also known as the Peuci or Peucini, were an ancient people who are known from Greek and Roman records to have inhabited areas north and east of the Carpathian Mountains between about 300 BC and about 300 AD, stretching in an ark from the sources of the Vistula in present day Poland and Slovakia, to ...
Dacians regions cf. Strabo (ca. 20 AD) by Muller (1877) [2] Dacian gold bowl found in Transylvania (Vienna Museum) The Geto-Dacians lived in a very large territory, stretching from the Balkans to the northern Carpathians and from the Black Sea and the river Tyras to the Tisa plain, sometimes even to the Middle Danube. [3]
He argues that, in ancient Greek, the first part of the term could only have a geographical meaning: i.e. Karpodakai means "the Dacians from the land of the Carpi". In the same vein, it has also been interpreted as "the Dacians of the Carpathians". [17] (Compare Tyragetae, supposedly meaning "the Getae from the Tyras region").