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t. e. The hadith of the twelve successors (Arabic: حَدِيْث ٱلْإِثْنَي عَشَر خَلِيْفَة, romanized:ḥadīth al-ithnā ʿashar khalīfa) is a widely-reported prophecy, attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, predicting that there would be twelve successors after him. As there were many more rulers after Muhammad ...
The twelfth and final Imam is Muhammad al-Mahdi, who is believed by the Twelvers to be currently alive, and hidden in the Major Occultation until he returns to bring justice to the world. [6] It is believed by Twelver and Alevi Muslims that the Twelve Imams have been foretold in the Hadith of the 12 accomplishers .
A last attempt at restoring the caliphal office and style with ecumenical recognition was made by Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz and Sharif of Mecca, who assumed both on 11 March 1924 and held them until 3 October 1924, when he passed the kingship to his son `Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Hashimi, who did not adopted the caliphal office and style. [15]
The 16th Fatimid imam, caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah (996–1021) ordered his da'i, Harun ibn Muhammad in Yemen, to give decisions in light of Da'a'im al-Islam only. [ 24 ] In 1013 he completed the construction of al-Jāmiʻ al-Anwar begun by his father. Commonly known as "Hākim's Mosque", over time it fell into ruin.
Muslim leader. Influenced by. Influenced. Abu Hanifa[ a ] (Arabic: أَبُو حَنِيفَة, romanized:Abū Ḥanīfa; September 699–767) [ 5 ] was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, ascetic, [ 3 ] and eponym of the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence, which remains the most widely practiced to this day. [ 3 ]
Muhammad ibn Hasan al-Mahdi (Arabic: محمد بن الحسن المهدي, romanized:Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mahdī) is believed by the Twelver Shia to be the last of the Twelve Imams and the eschatological Mahdi, who will emerge in the end of time to establish peace and justice and redeem Islam. Hasan al-Askari, the eleventh Imam, died ...
t. e. The Battle of Karbala (Arabic: مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء, romanized:maʿraka Karbalāʾ) was fought on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the army of the second Umayyad caliph Yazid I (r.680–683) and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad ...
Uthmanic canonization. [] The Quran was canonized only after Muhammad's death in 632 CE. According to Islamic tradition the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 23/644–35 AH/655 CE) established the canonical Qur'an, reportedly starting the process in 644 CE, [ 6 ] and completing the work around 650 CE (the exact date was not recorded by early ...