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Supercritical carbon dioxide (s CO 2) is a fluid state of carbon dioxide where it is held at or above its critical temperature and critical pressure. Carbon dioxide usually behaves as a gas in air at standard temperature and pressure (STP), or as a solid called dry ice when cooled and/or pressurised sufficiently.
Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is the most used supercritical fluid, sometimes modified by co-solvents such as ethanol or methanol. Extraction conditions for supercritical carbon dioxide are above the critical temperature of 31 °C and critical pressure of 74 bar. Addition of modifiers may slightly alter this.
The extraction can be selective to some extent by controlling the density of the medium, and the extracted material is easily recovered by simply depressurizing, allowing the supercritical fluid to return to gas phase and evaporate leaving little or no solvent residues. Carbon dioxide is the most common supercritical solvent.
Supercritical fluid chromatography. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) [1] is a form of normal phase chromatography that uses a supercritical fluid such as carbon dioxide as the mobile phase. [2][3] It is used for the analysis and purification of low to moderate molecular weight, thermally labile molecules and can also be used for the ...
Supercritical carbon dioxide blend (sCO 2 blend) is an homogeneous mixture of CO 2 with one or more fluids (dopant fluid) where it is held at or above its critical temperature and critical pressure. [ 1 ] Carbon dioxide behaves as a supercritical fluid above its critical temperature (304.13 K, 31.0 °C, 87.8 °F) and critical pressure (7.3773 ...
Supercritical adsorption also referred to as the adsorption of supercritical fluids, is the adsorption at above-critical temperatures. There are different tacit understandings of supercritical fluids. For example, “a fluid is considered to be ‘supercritical’ when its temperature and pressure exceed the temperature and pressure at the ...
Liquid carbon dioxide is a type of liquid which is formed from highly compressed and cooled gaseous carbon dioxide. It does not form under atmospheric conditions. It only exists when the pressure is above 5.1 atm and the temperature is under 31.1 °C (88.0 °F) (temperature of critical point) and above −56.6 °C (−69.9 °F) (temperature of ...
The purified CO2 stream is compressed and transported for storage or end-use and the released solvents are recycled to again capture CO 2 from the flue gas. [32] After the CO 2 has been captured, it is usually compressed into a supercritical fluid and then injected underground.