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Delusion. A delusion[a] is a false fixed belief that is not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. [2] As a pathology, it is distinct from a belief based on false or incomplete information, confabulation, dogma, illusion, hallucination, or some other misleading effects of perception, as individuals with those beliefs are able to ...
Psychotic depression, also known as depressive psychosis, is a major depressive episode that is accompanied by psychotic symptoms. [3] It can occur in the context of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. [3] It can be difficult to distinguish from schizoaffective disorder, a diagnosis that requires the presence of psychotic symptoms ...
Delusional disorder, traditionally synonymous with paranoia, is a mental illness in which a person has delusions, but with no accompanying prominent hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening of affect. [6][7] Delusions are a specific symptom of psychosis. Delusions can be bizarre or non-bizarre in content; [7 ...
Paranoia. Paranoia is an instinct or thought process that is believed to be heavily influenced by anxiety, suspicion, or fear, often to the point of delusion and irrationality. [1] Paranoid thinking typically includes persecutory beliefs, or beliefs of conspiracy concerning a perceived threat towards oneself (i.e., "Everyone is out to get me ...
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both schizophrenia (psychosis) and a mood disorder - either bipolar disorder or depression. [4][5] The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms. [5] Common symptoms include hallucinations ...
Ideas and delusions of reference. Ideas of reference and delusions of reference describe the phenomenon of an individual experiencing innocuous events or mere coincidences [1] and believing they have strong personal significance. [2] It is "the notion that everything one perceives in the world relates to one's own destiny", usually in a ...
Grandiose delusions may be related to lesions of the frontal lobe. [27] Temporal lobe lesions have been mainly reported in patients with delusions of persecution and of guilt, while frontal and frontotemporal involvement have been described in patients with grandiose delusions, Cotard's syndrome, and delusional misidentification syndrome. [28]
A major depressive episode (MDE) is a period characterized by symptoms of major depressive disorder. Those affected primarily exhibit a depressive mood for at least two weeks or more, and a loss of interest or pleasure in everyday activities. Other symptoms can include feelings of emptiness, hopelessness, anxiety, worthlessness, guilt ...