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The second year's payoff has the same payoff as a one-year option, but with the strike price equal to the stock price at the end of the first year. The third year's payoff has the same payoff as a one-year option, but with the strike price equal to the stock price at the end of the second year.
Continuing on the example above, suppose now that the initial price of Alice's house is $100,000 and that Bob enters into a forward contract to buy the house one year from today. But since Alice knows that she can immediately sell for $100,000 and place the proceeds in the bank, she wants to be compensated for the delayed sale.
For example, for bond options [3] the underlying is a bond, but the source of uncertainty is the annualized interest rate (i.e. the short rate). Here, for each randomly generated yield curve we observe a different resultant bond price on the option's exercise date; this bond price is then the input for the determination of the option's payoff.
The condor is so named because of its payoff diagram's perceived resemblance to a large bird such as a condor. [6] An iron condor is a strategy which replicates the payoff of a short condor, but with a different combination of options. [7]
If we consider an option on a forward contract expiring at time T' > T, the payoff doesn't occur until T' . Thus the discount factor e − r T {\displaystyle e^{-rT}} is replaced by e − r T ′ {\displaystyle e^{-rT'}} since one must take into account the time value of money .
The subtraction done one way corresponds to a long-box spread; done the other way it yields a short box-spread. The pay-off for the long box-spread will be the difference between the two strike prices, and the profit will be the amount by which the discounted payoff exceeds the net premium. For parity, the profit should be zero.
The payoff depends on the optimal (maximum or minimum) underlying asset's price occurring over the life of the option. The option allows the holder to "look back" over time to determine the payoff. There exist two kinds of lookback options: with floating strike and with fixed strike.
Any derivative instrument that is not a contingent claim is called a forward commitment. [ 3 ] The prototypical contingent claim is an option , [ 1 ] the right to buy or sell the underlying asset at a specified exercise price by a certain expiration date; whereas ( vanilla ) swaps , forwards , and futures are forward commitments, since these ...