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The Oligocene is often considered an important time of transition, a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene. [9] Major changes during the Oligocene included a global expansion of grasslands, and a regression of tropical broad leaf forests to the equatorial belt.
Bacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms that can either have a bacilli, spirilli, or cocci shape and measure between 0.5-20 micrometers. They were one of the first living cells to evolve [9] and have spread to inhabit a variety of different habitats including hydrothermal vents, glacial rocks, and other organisms.
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Bacteria are also used for the bioremediation of industrial toxic wastes. [239] In the chemical industry, bacteria are most important in the production of enantiomerically pure chemicals for use as pharmaceuticals or agrichemicals. [240] Bacteria can also be used in place of pesticides in biological pest control.
The Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, also called the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) or Grande Coupure (French for "great cut"), is the transition between the end of the Eocene and the beginning of the Oligocene, an extinction event and faunal turnover occurring between 33.9 and 33.4 million years ago. [1]
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 27.3 and 23.04 Ma . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage of the Miocene ).
The endosymbiotic bacteria became the eukaryotic cell's mitochondria, providing most of the energy of the cell. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] Lynn Margulis and colleagues have suggested that the cell also acquired a Spirochaete bacterium as a symbiont, providing the cell skeleton of microtubules and the ability to move, including the ability to pull chromosomes ...
The Oligocene Epoch, the last epoch during the Paleogene Period of the Cenozoic Era See also the preceding Category:Eocene and the succeeding Category:Miocene Subcategories