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Students encounter a source of possible confusion between the terminology of physics and biology. Whereas the thermodynamic terms "exothermic" and "endothermic" respectively refer to processes that give out heat energy and processes that absorb heat energy, in biology the sense is effectively reversed.
An endothermic process is a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. [1] In terms of thermodynamics and thermochemistry, it is a thermodynamic process with an increase in the enthalpy H (or internal energy U) of the system. [2] In an endothermic process, the heat that a system absorbs is thermal energy transfer into ...
Thermoregulation in animals. A eurytherm is an organism, often an endotherm, that can function at a wide range of ambient temperatures. [1] To be considered a eurytherm, all stages of an organism's life cycle must be considered, including juvenile and larval stages. [2] These wide ranges of tolerable temperatures are directly derived from the ...
Insect thermoregulation. The pre-flight warm-up behavior of a moth. Insect thermoregulation is the process whereby insects maintain body temperatures within certain boundaries. Insects have traditionally been considered as poikilotherms (animals in which body temperature is variable and dependent on ambient temperature) as opposed to being ...
Endothermic Parental Care Hypothesis: This hypothesis proposes that homeothermy developed as a way to provide consistent and warm internal environments for developing embryos or young offspring.
An example of the “late” transition state is bromination. Bromination favors the reactants because it is an endothermic reaction, which means that the reactants are lower in energy than the products. [11]
Fermentation is a type of redox metabolism carried out in the absence of oxygen. [1][2] During fermentation, organic molecules (e.g., glucose) are catabolized and donate electrons to other organic molecules. In the process, ATP and organic end products (e.g., lactate) are formed.
Thermal neutral zone. Endothermic organisms known as homeotherms maintain internal temperatures with minimal metabolic regulation within a range of ambient temperatures called the thermal neutral zone (TNZ). Within the TNZ the basal rate of heat production is equal to the rate of heat loss to the environment.