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The gauss is the unit of magnetic flux density B in the system of Gaussian units and is equal to Mx/cm 2 or g/Bi/s 2, while the oersted is the unit of H-field. One tesla (T) corresponds to 10 4 gauss, and one ampere (A) per metre corresponds to 4π × 10 −3 oersted .
The ampere-turn system is constructed in a similar way by considering magnetomotive force and magnetic field strength to be electrical quantities and rationalizing the system by dividing the units of magnetic pole strength and magnetization by 4 π. The units of the first two quantities are the ampere and the ampere per centimetre respectively.
In the Gaussian system, unlike the ISQ, the electric field E G and the magnetic field B G have the same dimension. This amounts to a factor of c between how B is defined in the two unit systems, on top of the other differences. [3] (The same factor applies to other magnetic quantities such as the magnetic field, H, and magnetization, M.)
The oersted is closely related to the gauss (G), the CGS unit of magnetic flux density. In vacuum, if the magnetizing field strength is 1 Oe, then the magnetic field density is 1 G, whereas in a medium having permeability μ r (relative to permeability of vacuum), their relation is
The unit of H, magnetic field strength, is ampere per meter ... The SI unit of the H-field is the ampere per metre (A/m), [15] and the CGS unit is the oersted (Oe).
Magnetic induction B (also known as magnetic flux density) has the SI unit tesla [T or Wb/m 2]. [1] One tesla is equal to 10 4 gauss. Magnetic field drops off as the inverse cube of the distance ( 1 / distance 3 ) from a dipole source. Energy required to produce laboratory magnetic fields increases with the square of magnetic field. [2]
35.4 T – the current (2009) world record for a superconducting electromagnet in a background magnetic field [19] 45 T – the current (2015) world record for continuous field magnets [19] 97.4 T – strongest magnetic field produced by a "non-destructive" magnet [20] 100 T – approximate magnetic field strength of a typical white dwarf star
The maxwell is a non-SI unit. [8] 1 maxwell = 1 gauss × 2. That is, one maxwell is the total flux across a surface of one square centimetre perpendicular to a magnetic field of strength one gauss. The weber is the related SI unit of magnetic flux, which was defined in 1946. [9] 1 maxwell ≘ 10 −4 tesla × (10 −2 metre) 2 = 10 −8 weber