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Rhodiola is a genus of perennial plants in the family Crassulaceae [1] that resemble Sedum and other members of the family. Like sedums, Rhodiola species are often called stonecrops. Some authors merge Rhodiola into Sedum. [2] [3] Rhodiola species grow in high-altitude and other cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere. [4]
Rhodiola rosea is from 5 to 40 centimetres (2.0 to 15.7 in) tall, fleshy, and has several stems growing from a short, scaly rootstock. Flowers have 4 sepals and 4 petals, yellow to greenish yellow in color sometimes tipped with red, about 1 to 3.5 millimetres (0.039 to 0.138 in) long, and blooming in summer.
Rhodiola pachyclados is a hermaphrodite plant; both male and female reproductive parts can be seen in its flower. Each rosette of Rhodiola pachyclados produces a single flowering stem, which has small, narrow, spoon-shaped leaves attached directly to it (without stalks). These leaves are 4–5.5 mm long and 1.6–2.2 mm wide.
Solanum tampicense, also known as wetland nightshade, [1] aquatic soda apple, [1] and scrambling nightshade, [2] is a perennial in the Solanaceae or Nightshade Family. It can exist as a vine, tree, or shrub and is native to the West Indies and Central America.
Solanum seaforthianum, the Brazilian nightshade, [3] is a flowering evergreen vine of the family Solanaceae native to tropical South America. As a member of the Solanum genus, it is related to such plants as the tomato and potato. It is characterized by clusters of four to seven leaves and can climb to a height of 6 m (20 ft) given enough room.
Solanum erianthum is a species of nightshade that is native to southern North America and northern South America. [2] It has been introduced to other parts of the world and has a nearly pantropical distribution. [3] Common names include mullein nightshade (that may also refer to S. donianum), [4] velvet nightshade, [5] and salvadora. [6]
Solanum sisymbriifolium is commonly known as vila-vila, [1] sticky nightshade, [2] red buffalo-bur, [3] the fire-and-ice plant, litchi tomato, or Morelle de Balbis. [4] The small edible fruits are red [5] on the outside and yellow inside. It grows inside a spiny, green husk. The fruit is ripe when it is easily removed from the stem.
Circaea lutetiana, known as broad-leaved enchanter's nightshade, [1] is a plant in the evening primrose family, Onagraceae. The genus name comes from the enchantress Circe of Greek mythology and the specific designation is derived from Lutetia , the Latin name for Paris, which was sometimes referred to as the "Witch City".