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  2. Being in itself - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Being_in_itself

    Sartre would say that as a human, a being-for-itself by nature, the waiter is "a being that is not what it is and it is what it is not." Therefore, the waiter who acts as if he is at his very core a waiter "is not what [he] is"- which is to say, he is not solely a waiter- and "is what [he] is not"- meaning that he is many things other than a ...

  3. The Ethics of Ambiguity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ethics_of_Ambiguity

    The Ethics of Ambiguity (French: Pour une morale de l'ambiguïté) is Simone de Beauvoir's second major non-fiction work. It was prompted by a lecture she gave in 1945, where she claimed that it was impossible to base an ethical system on her partner Jean-Paul Sartre's major philosophical work Being and Nothingness (French: L'Être et le néant).

  4. Simone de Beauvoir - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir

    After Sartre died in 1980, Beauvoir published his letters to her with edits to spare the feelings of people in their circle who were still living. After Beauvoir's death, Sartre's adopted daughter and literary heir Arlette Elkaïm would not let many of Sartre's letters be published in unedited form. Most of Sartre's letters available today have ...

  5. Feminist existentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_existentialism

    Some say Beauvoir is farther reaching than Sartre [14] despite often being overlooked in many comprehensive works about existentialist feminism. [ 12 ] Jean-Paul Sartre was a French philosopher, existentialist and phenomenologist who contributed greatly to existential feminism through works like Existential Psychoanalysis. [ 15 ]

  6. Existentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existentialism

    French philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. Sartre dealt with existentialist themes in his 1938 novel Nausea and the short stories in his 1939 collection The Wall, and had published his treatise on existentialism, Being and Nothingness, in 1943, but it was in the two years following the liberation of Paris from the German ...

  7. Facticity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facticity

    In the mid-20th century works of French existentialists Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, facticity signifies all of the concrete details against the background of which human freedom exists and is limited. For example, these may include the time and place of birth, a language, an environment, an individual's previous choices, as well as ...

  8. Difference (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_(philosophy)

    Gottfried Leibniz's Principle of the identity of indiscernibles states that two things are identical if and only if they share the same and only the same properties. This is a principle which defines identity rather than difference, although it established the tradition in logic and analytical philosophy of conceiving of identity and difference as oppositional.

  9. Bad faith (existentialism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_faith_(existentialism)

    According to Sartre, a person can only be defined negatively, as "what it is not", and this negation is the only positive definition of "what it is". [3] From this, an individual is aware of a host of alternative reactions to our freedom to choose an objective situation, since no situation can dictate a single response.