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Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula P Br 5, which has the structure [PBr 4] + Br − (tetrabromophosphonium bromide) in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr 3 and Br 2.
The glucose-6-phosphate molecule created from the original α-D-glucose-1-phosphate product is also involved in the pentose phosphate pathway. Through a series of reactions, glucose-6-phosphate can be converted into ribose-5-phosphate , which is used for a variety of molecules such as nucleotides , coenzymes , DNA , and RNA . [ 5 ]
Isotopic labeling experiments have confirmed that this reaction proceeds through a glucose 1,6-bisphosphate intermediate. [2] The first step in the forward reaction is the transfer of a phosphoryl group from the enzyme to glucose 1-phosphate, forming glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and leaving a dephosphorylated form of the enzyme. [2]
In enzymology, a phosphoglucomutase (glucose-cofactor) (EC 5.4.2.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate ⇌ D-glucose 6-phosphate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate , alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate , and one product , D-glucose 6-phosphate .
The solid-state reaction route is the most widely used method for the preparation of polycrystalline solids from a mixture of solid starting materials. Solids do not react together at room temperature over normal time scales and it is necessary to heat them to much higher temperatures, often to 1000 to 1500 °C, in order for the reaction to occur at an appreciable rate.
A solubility equilibrium exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution containing the compound. This type of equilibrium is an example of dynamic equilibrium in that some individual molecules migrate between the solid and solution phases such that the rates of dissolution and precipitation are equal to one another.
This example assumes the simplest case of a reaction with one substrate and one product. Such cases exist: for example, a mutase such as phosphoglucomutase catalyses the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another, and isomerase is a more general term for an enzyme that catalyses any one-substrate one-product reaction, such as ...
The Perkow reaction is a competing reaction pathway for α-bromo- and α-chloroketones. Under the reaction conditions a mixture of the Perkow product and the normal Arbuzov product occur, usually favoring the Perkow product by a significant amount. Using higher temperatures during the reaction can lead to favoring of the Arbuzov product.