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Twi is spoken by over nine million Asante people as their native language. [1] [2] [3] The Asante people developed the Ashanti Empire, along the Lake Volta and Gulf of Guinea. [4] The empire was founded in 1670, and the capital Kumase was founded in 1680 by Asantehene Osei Kofi Tutu I on the advice of Okomfo Anokye, his premier. [4]
The Asante Empire (Asante Twi: Asanteman), also known as the Ashanti Empire, was an Akan state that lasted from 1701 to 1901, in what is now modern-day Ghana. [6] It expanded from the Ashanti Region to include most of Ghana and also parts of Ivory Coast and Togo .
The Asantehene is the title for the monarch of the historical Ashanti Empire as well as the ceremonial ruler of the Ashanti people today. The Ashanti royal house traces its line to the Oyoko (an Abusua, or "clan") Abohyen Dynasty of Nana Twum and the Oyoko Dynasty of Osei Tutu Opemsoo, who formed the Empire of Ashanti in 1701 and was crowned Asantehene (King of all Asante). [1]
The Asante Empire was governed by an elected monarch with its political power centralised.The entire government was a federation. By the 19th century, the Empire had a total population of 3 million. [1]
The Golden Stool on its throne, the hwedom dwa (1935) Flag of the Asante people depicting the Golden Stool in the middle.. The Golden Stool (Ashanti-Twi: Sika dwa; full title, Sika Dwa Kofi "the Golden Stool born on a Friday") is the royal and divine throne of kings of the Asante people and the ultimate symbol of power in Asante. [1]
It was granted on the condition that Akim became feudatory to the Asante and paid 2,000 benda's of gold to the Asante (between £887,471- £1,002,079 in 2023 money) as war indemnity. Two Akim chiefs, Kakramsi and Ajumako, "took fetish" and were handed over to the Asante as security for the sum before the Asante army withdrew to Kumase.
The Second Anglo–Ashanti War also known as the Second Anglo–Asante War [5] and Third Anglo–Asante War [6] was an armed conflict between the Ashanti Empire led by Kwaku Dua I against the United Kingdom and Fante tribes led by Richard Pine. It took place from March 1863 to June 1864, ending with a withdrawal of British troops.
Each village in Asante had a chief called Odikro who was the owner of the village. The Odikro was responsible for the maintenance of law and order. He also served as a medium between the people of his jurisdiction, the ancestor and the gods. As the head of the village, the Odikro presided over the village council. [18] [2]