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Presbyterianism is a Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders. [2] Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word Presbyterian is applied to churches that trace their roots to the Church of Scotland or to English Dissenter groups that formed during the English Civil War.
Presbyterians trace their history to the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century. The Presbyterian heritage, and much of its theology, began with the French theologian and lawyer John Calvin (1509–64), whose writings solidified much of the Reformed thinking that came before him in the form of the sermons and writings of Huldrych Zwingli.
The seal of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, an early American Presbyterian church founded in 1789. Reformed theologians believe that God communicates knowledge of himself to people through the Word of God. People are not able to know anything about God except through this self-revelation.
The family tree of Presbyterian denominations in the United States, courtesy of the Presbyterian Historical Society. As its name suggests, the EPC is an evangelical denomination. It associates mainly with Reformed bodies holding similar or identical beliefs regarding Christology, ecclesiology, and ethical/moral stances.
The Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Reformed Presbyterian Church has held to the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms since the 17th century. Instead of adopting revised versions of the Confession, as most other Westminsterian Presbyterian churches in North America have done, the RPCNA ...
Covenant Presbyterian Church: 13: Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery: 12: Upper Cumberland Presbyterian Church: 12: Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly: 8: Free Church of Scotland (Continuing) 5 (5 congregations in the U.S.) ICRC: 250 Presbyterian Reformed Church: 5 (5 congregations in the U.S.) NAPARC: 100 Covenant ...
In fact, as their northern counterparts in Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. began to modify Calvinism, and experiment with confessional revision, in the later part of the 19th and into the early 20th centuries, the PCUS prided itself in being the bastion of "Old School" Presbyterianism, stoutly resisting calls for change to accommodate ...
Calvinist doctrines were influenced by and elaborated upon the Augustinian and other Christian traditions. Various Congregational, Reformed and Presbyterian churches, which look to Calvin as the chief expositor of their beliefs, have spread throughout the world. Calvin was a tireless polemicist and apologetic writer who generated much controversy.