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This attitude to authority continued into the period when the Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad became the nominal governors of Bihar. Although Bihar had the potential to provide a large amount of revenue and tax, records show that the Nawabs were unable to extract any money from the chiefs of Bihar until 1748.
Bettiah Raj also came into being as a result of mallikana chaudharai and quanungoi, the connection with the revenue administration building on local dominance, and their ability to control and protect hundreds of villages. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Raj as time moved forward.
Land revenue, including the assessment and collection of revenue, the maintenance of land records, survey for revenue purposes and records of rights, and alienation of revenues etc. 46 Taxes on agricultural income 47 Duties in respect of succession to agricultural land. 48 Estate Duty in respect of agricultural land 49 Taxes on lands and buildings.
Subordination and discrimination comprised the characteristics which defined agrarian relations in Bihar during the Mughal and East India Company period. Land holding defined the hierarchy of castes in agrarian society where the upper-castes which included Brahmin, Bhumihar and Rajputs worked for the Mughal central authority and were involved in the collection of land revenue and quelling any ...
He is a third time member of the Bihar Legislative Council and also contested the 2014 Lok Sabha election from Kishanganj. [3] Jaiswal is currently the Minister of Revenue and Land Reforms, Bihar and also the current deputy chief whip of ruling party in Bihar Legislative Council. [4] [5]
Structurally Bihar is divided into divisions (Pramandal - प्रमंडल)), districts (Zila), sub-divisions (Anumandal) & circles (Anchal). [1] [2] The state is divided into 9 divisions, 38 districts, 101 subdivisions and 534 circles. [3] 12 municipal corporations, 88 Nagar Parishads and 154 Nagar Panchayats for administrative purposes.
Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) is the civic body that governs Patna, the capital of Bihar in India.Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay and Calcutta by 1762. [1]
[1] [2] Khasras traditionally detail "all the fields and their areas, measurement, who owns and what cultivators he employs, what crops, what sort of soil, what trees are on the land.". [1] In Indian Land record system, "Khatauni" is an account book, "Khasra girdawari" is a survey book and "Sajra" is the village map. At village level, patwari ...