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The cavernous sinus is one of the dural venous sinuses of the head. It is a network of veins that sit in a cavity.It sits on both sides of the sphenoidal bone and pituitary gland, approximately 1 × 2 cm in size in an adult. [2]
The dural venous sinuses (also called dural sinuses, cerebral sinuses, or cranial sinuses) are venous sinuses (channels) found between the periosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater in the brain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They receive blood from the cerebral veins , and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space via arachnoid granulations .
A sphenoparietal sinus is situated under each lesser wing of the sphenoid bone near the posterior edge of this bone, [2] between the anterior cranial fossa and middle cranial fossa. [citation needed] It terminates by draining into the anterior part of the cavernous sinus. [2]
Oblique section through the cavernous sinus. The cavernous segment, or C4, of the internal carotid artery begins at the petrolingual ligament and extends to the proximal dural ring, which is formed by the medial and inferior periosteum of the anterior clinoid process. The cavernous segment is surrounded by the cavernous sinus.
The inferior petrosal sinus is situated in the inferior petrosal sulcus, formed by the junction of the petrous part of the temporal bone with the basilar part of the occipital bone. It begins below and behind the cavernous sinus and, passing through the anterior part of the jugular foramen, ends in the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein.
The danger triangle of the face consists of the area from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the nose, including the nose and maxilla. [1] [2]: 345–346 Due to the special nature of the blood supply to the human nose and surrounding area, it is possible for retrograde infection from the nasal area to spread to the brain, causing cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, or brain abscess.
On average, a sphenoid sinus measures 2.2 cm vertical height, 2 cm in transverse breadth; and 2.2 cm antero-posterior depth. [3] Each spehoid sinus is in the body of sphenoid bone, just under the sella turcica. The sphenoid sinuses are separated from each other medially by the septum of sphenoidal sinuses, which is usually asymmetrical.
lateral wall of the cavernous sinus superomedially; clivus medially; posterior petrous face inferolaterally; Within the dural confines of the trigeminal cave, there is a continuation of subarachnoid space along the posterior aspect of the cave, representing a continuation of the cerebral basal cisterns. [1]