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Buddhist cosmology typically identifies six realms of rebirth and existence: gods, demi-gods, humans, animals, hungry ghosts and hells. [39] Earlier Buddhist texts refer to five realms rather than six realms; when described as five realms, the god realm and demi-god realm constitute a single realm. [6]
The Six Paths [1] in Buddhist cosmology [2] are the six worlds where sentient beings are reincarnated based on their karma, which is linked to their actions in previous lives. These paths are depicted in the Bhavacakra ("wheel of existence"). [3] The six paths are: [4] the world of gods or celestial beings ; the world of warlike demigods ;
Like Jainism, Buddhism developed its own saṃsāra theory, that evolved over time the mechanistic details on how the wheel of mundane existence works over the endless cycles of rebirth and redeath. [118] [119] In early Buddhist traditions, saṃsāra cosmology consisted of five realms through which wheel of existence recycled. [111]
A Bhavachakra ("Wheel of Existence") depicting the six realms of existence in which a sentient being can be reborn into, according to the rebirth doctrine of Buddhism. In traditional Buddhist cosmology the rebirth, also called reincarnation or metempsychosis, can be in any of the six realms of existence.
Bhavachakra, "wheel of life," [a] consists of the words bhava and chakra.. bhava (भव) means "being, worldly existence, becoming, birth, being, production, origin". [web 1]In Buddhism, bhava denotes the continuity of becoming (reincarnating) in one of the realms of existence, in the samsaric context of rebirth, life and the maturation arising therefrom. [2]
The three realms contain together thirty-one planes of existence, each corresponding to a different type of mentality. [4] These three realms ( tridhātu , trailokya ) are the Formless Realm ( Ārūpyadhātu ), which consists of four planes; the Form Realm ( Rūpadhātu ), which consists of sixteen planes; and the Pleasure Realm ( Kāmadhātu ...
Buddhist texts assert that rebirth can occur in six realms of existence, namely three good realms (heavenly, demi-god, human) and three evil realms (animal, hungry ghosts, hellish). [note 9] Samsara ends if a person attains nirvana, the "blowing out" of the afflictions through insight into impermanence and "non-self". [109] [110] [111]
The ten realms are part of Buddhist cosmology and consist of four higher realms and six lower realms derived from the Indian concept of the six realms of rebirth. [3] These realms can also be described through the degrees of enlightenment that course through them. [4] They have been translated in various ways.