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A method similar to Vieta's formula can be found in the work of the 12th century Arabic mathematician Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi. It is plausible that the algebraic advancements made by Arabic mathematicians such as al-Khayyam, al-Tusi, and al-Kashi influenced 16th-century algebraists, with Vieta being the most prominent among them. [2] [3]
From the equation for H, one sees that 1 + x y ′ > 0. Since x > 0, it follows that y ′ ≥ 0. Hence the point (x, y ′) is in the first quadrant. By reflection, the point (y ′, x) is also a point in the first quadrant on H. Moreover from Vieta's formulas, yy ′ = x 2 - q, and y ′ = x 2 - q / y . Combining this equation with x ...
The formula can be derived as a telescoping product of either the areas or perimeters of nested polygons converging to a circle. Alternatively, repeated use of the half-angle formula from trigonometry leads to a generalized formula, discovered by Leonhard Euler, that has Viète's formula as a special case. Many similar formulas involving nested ...
The four roots of the depressed quartic x 4 + px 2 + qx + r = 0 may also be expressed as the x coordinates of the intersections of the two quadratic equations y 2 + py + qx + r = 0 and y − x 2 = 0 i.e., using the substitution y = x 2 that two quadratics intersect in four points is an instance of Bézout's theorem.
Then they can be divided out and the resulting quadratic equation solved. In general, there exist only four possible cases of quartic equations with multiple roots, which are listed below: [3] Multiplicity-4 (M4): when the general quartic equation can be expressed as () =, for some real number. This case can always be reduced to a biquadratic ...
Quadratic equation; Quadratic formula; Quartic equation; Quartic function; R. Rationalisation (mathematics) S. Scaling and shifting; ... Vieta's formulas; Z. Zero ...
A similar but more complicated method works for cubic equations, which have three resolvents and a quadratic equation (the "resolving polynomial") relating and , which one can solve by the quadratic equation, and similarly for a quartic equation (degree 4), whose resolving polynomial is a cubic, which can in turn be solved. [14]
If a quadratic function is equated with zero, then the result is a quadratic equation. The solutions of a quadratic equation are the zeros (or roots) of the corresponding quadratic function, of which there can be two, one, or zero. The solutions are described by the quadratic formula. A quadratic polynomial or quadratic function can involve ...