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The lasing process involving aluminum garnet crystals is carried out by the dopant atoms, usually rare-earth metals, which take the place of a few atoms of the original metal in the crystal structure (in this case lutetium). The role of the unsubstituted atoms of lutetium, aluminum, and oxygen function as support for the dopant ions.
Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG, Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group. It is a cubic yttrium aluminium oxide phase, with other examples being YAlO 3 (YAP [ 2 ] ) in a hexagonal or an orthorhombic, perovskite -like form, and the monoclinic Y 4 Al 2 O 9 (YAM [ 3 ] ).
Garnet sand is a good abrasive, and a common replacement for silica sand in sand blasting. Alluvial garnet grains which are rounder are more suitable for such blasting treatments. Mixed with very high pressure water, garnet is used to cut steel and other materials in water jets. For water jet cutting, garnet extracted from hard rock is suitable ...
Physical properties; ... garnet, spinel, and turquoise. [69] Impurities in Al 2 O 3, ... (such as aqueous aluminium sulfate) are used to treat against fish parasites ...
Almandine (/ ˈ æ l m ən d ɪ n /), also known as almandite, is a species of mineral belonging to the garnet group. The name is a corruption of alabandicus, which is the name applied by Pliny the Elder to a stone found or worked at Alabanda, a town in Caria in Asia Minor. Almandine is an iron alumina garnet, of deep red color, inclining to ...
Alum was the most common mordant (substance used to set dyes on fabrics) used by the dye industry, especially in Islamic countries, during the middle ages. It was the main export of the Chad region, from where it was transported to the markets of Egypt and Morocco , and then to Europe .
Gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG, Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group, with good mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. It is typically colorless. It has a cubic lattice, a density of 7.08 g/cm 3 and its Mohs hardness is variously noted as 6.5 and 7.5.
A similar green grossular garnet can be found in the Wah Wah mountain range in Utah. [ 8 ] Grossular is known by many other names, and also some misnomers ; [ 9 ] colophonite – coarse granules of garnet [ 10 ] (was later identified as a variety of andradite ), ernite , gooseberry-garnet – light green colored and translucent, [ 11 ...