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Toxic megacolon is mainly seen in ulcerative colitis and pseudomembranous colitis, two chronic inflammations of the colon (and occasionally, in the other type of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease). Its mechanism is incompletely understood. It is probably due to excessive production of nitric oxide, at least in ulcerative colitis. The ...
It may occur in chronic obstruction of stool transit, as in megacolon [10] and chronic constipation. Some diseases, such as Chagas disease, Hirschsprung's disease and others damage the autonomic nervous system in the colon's mucosa (Auerbach's plexus) and may cause extremely large or "giant" fecalomas, which must be surgically removed ...
Toxic megacolon is an acute form of colonic distension. [2] It is characterized by a very dilated colon ( megacolon ), accompanied by abdominal distension ( bloating ), and sometimes fever , abdominal pain , or shock .
Most children develop signs and symptoms shortly after birth. However, others may be diagnosed later in infancy or early childhood. [4] [5] About half of all children with Hirschsprung's disease are diagnosed in the first year of life. [4] Complications may include enterocolitis, megacolon, bowel obstruction and intestinal perforation. [1] [2]
Candida albicans infection; Candida parapsilosis infection; Cytomegalovirus infection; diphtheria; human coronavirus infection; respiratory distress syndrome; measles; meconium aspiration syndrome
Goldberg-Shprintzen megacolon syndrome [1] Goldberg–Shprintzen syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner Goldberg–Shprintzen syndrome is a very rare connective tissue condition associated with mutations in KIAA1279 gene which encodes KIF-binding protein (KBP), a protein that may interact with microtubules and actin filaments .
Childhood chronic illnesses are common among school-aged children in the United States, and these illnesses often require management within school settings for a child to safely attend. [30] At any stage, children with chronic illness can have reduced quality of life , especially if the children or their families are of low socioeconomic status .
Complications include toxic megacolon, dehydration and sepsis.Such complications generally occur in young children (< 1 year of age) and immunocompromised people. A chronic course of the disease is possible; this disease process is likely to develop without a distinct acute phase.