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2. Physical vapor deposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_vapor_deposition

   Physical vapor deposition (PVD), sometimes called physical vapor transport (PVT), describes a variety of vacuum deposition methods which can be used to produce thin films and coatings on substrates including metals, ceramics, glass, and polymers. PVD is characterized by a process in which the material transitions from a condensed phase to a ...

3. Pulsed laser deposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_laser_deposition

   A plume ejected from a SrRuO 3 target during pulsed laser deposition. One possible configuration of a PLD deposition chamber. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique where a high-power pulsed laser beam is focused inside a vacuum chamber to strike a target of the material that is to be deposited.

4. Sputter deposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputter_deposition

   Sputter deposition is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method of thin film deposition by the phenomenon of sputtering. This involves ejecting material from a "target" that is a source onto a "substrate" such as a silicon wafer. Resputtering is re-emission of the deposited material during the deposition process by ion or atom bombardment. [1] [2]

5. Vacuum deposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_deposition

   Aluminising vacuum chamber at Mont Mégantic Observatory used for re-coating telescope mirrors. [1] Vacuum deposition is a group of processes used to deposit layers of material atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule on a solid surface. These processes operate at pressures well below atmospheric pressure (i.e., vacuum). The deposited layers can ...

6. Kitchen - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitchen

   Additionally, the kitchen island's counter-top can function as an overflow surface for serving buffet-style meals or sitting down to eat breakfast and snacks. In the 1980s, there was a backlash against industrial kitchen planning and cabinets with people installing a mix of work surfaces and free standing furniture, led by kitchen designer ...

7. Ion plating - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_plating

   Ion plating (IP) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process that is sometimes called ion assisted deposition (IAD) or ion vapor deposition (IVD) and is a modified version of vacuum deposition. Ion plating uses concurrent or periodic bombardment of the substrate, and deposits film by atomic-sized energetic particles called ions .

8. Ion beam-assisted deposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_beam-assisted_deposition

   Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD or IAD) is a materials engineering technique which combines ion implantation with simultaneous sputtering or another physical vapor deposition technique.

9. Evaporation (deposition) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation_(deposition)

   Evaporation takes place in a vacuum, i.e. vapors other than the source material are almost entirely removed before the process begins. In high vacuum (with a long mean free path), evaporated particles can travel directly to the deposition target without colliding with the background gas. (By contrast, in the boiling pot example, the water vapor ...