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Mle. 1874 Gras Rifle Mfg in 1877 at St. Etienne Arsenal samples of the Greek M1939 bayonet. The Fusil Modèle 1874 or Gras was the French Army's primary service rifle from 1874 to 1886. Designed by Colonel Basile Gras, the Gras was a metallic cartridge adaptation of the single-shot, breech-loading, black powder Chassepot rifle.
The Gras rifle was an adaption of the Chassepot designed to fire metallic cartridges introduced in 1874. It was manufactured by Manufacture d'armes de Saint-Étienne (MAS), Manufacture d'Armes de Châtellerault (MAC), Manufacture d'Armes de Tulle (MAT) and, until 1870, in the Manufacture d'Armes de Mutzig in the former Château des Rohan .
Following their disastrous defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the French Army instituted a number of broad reforms including the adoption of an updated rifle in 1874, the Fusil Gras mle 1874, that replaced the cloth cartridge of the preceding Fusil Chassepot mle 1866 rifle with a new brass cartridge, the 11×59mmR Gras, France's first modern ...
Ferguson rifle (British breech-loading rifle - patented December of 1776) Fayetteville rifle (CSA – rifle – 1862) Frank Wesson Rifles (USA – rifle – 1858/1861) Fusil modèle 1866 "Chassepot" (France – rifle – 1866) Fusil Gras mle 1874 (France – rifle – 1874)
In 1864, the modern factory was built, new steam-powered machines were installed and the first military standardized bolt-action rifle, the Chassepot, was produced from 1866 on, then the Gras rifle after 1874. The MAC-designed Lebel rifle entered production in 1886.
General Basile Gras (2 January 1836 – 14 April 1901) created the Gras rifle for the French Army in 1874 by converting the Mle 1866 Chassepot rifle to fire metallic cartridges. Gras, who was a colonel at the time, played a very important role in the formulation and industrial production of the Lebel rifle.
After the Satsuma rebellion, Japan relied extensively on the French Chassepot. [27] Japan finally developed its own model, the Murata rifle, derived from the French Fusil Gras mle 1874. [27] This was Japan's first locally made service rifle, and was used from 1880 to 1898.
The canon obusier de 12, introduced in the French Army in 1853, an early type of canon obusier, or gun howitzer developed during the reign of Napoleon III, was the primary cannon used in the American Civil War, under the name of 12-pounder Napoleon Model 1857. [1] [2] Over 1,100 such Napoleons were manufactured by the North, and 600 by the ...