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The main treaty was opened for signature on 1 December 1959, and officially entered into force on 23 June 1961. [4] The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–58: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [1]
The Antarctic Treaty specifically prohibits military activity on land or ice shelves below 60°S. While the use of nuclear weapons is absolutely prohibited, the Treaty does not apply to naval activity within these bounds (in the Southern Ocean) so long as it takes place on the high seas.
According to the most widely spread version of current flat-Earth theory, NASA is guarding the Antarctic ice wall that surrounds Earth. [95] Flat-Earthers argue that NASA manipulates and fabricates its satellite images , based on observations that the color of the oceans changes from image to image and that continents seem to be in different ...
Cape Royds is an ice free area at the western extremity of Ross Island, approximately 40km to the south of Cape Bird and 35 km to the north of Hut Point Peninsula on Ross Island. The area is one of the principal sites of the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration and it contains historic structures and relics pertaining to this era.
The ice-free Schirmacher Oasis, which now hosts the Maitri and Novolazarevskaya research stations, was spotted from the air by Richard Heinrich Schirmacher (who named it after himself) shortly before the Schwabenland left the Antarctic coast on 6 February 1939. [9] MS Schwabenland in 1938 German map of Antarctica (1941) showing Neuschwabenland ...
The William Glacier in Antarctica partially collapsed in the same week as Antarctica's hottest recorded day at 65 degrees Fahrenheit.
In November 1773, Cook left New Zealand, having parted company with the Adventure, and reached 60° S by 177° W, whence he sailed eastward keeping as far south as the floating ice allowed. The Antarctic Circle was crossed on 20 December and Cook remained south of it for three days, being compelled after reaching 67° 31′ S to stand north ...
Ice wall is the edge of an ice shelf. It may also refer to: Antarctica, believed by flat Earthers to be the edge of the world; IceWall SSO, a Web and Federated single ...