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The Numbered Treaties (or Post-Confederation Treaties) are a series of eleven treaties signed between the First Nations, one of three groups of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, and the reigning monarch of Canada (Victoria, Edward VII or George V) from 1871 to 1921. [1]
Prince Arthur with the Chiefs of the Six Nations at the Mohawk Chapel, Brantford, 1869. The association between Indigenous peoples in Canada and the Canadian Crown is both statutory and traditional, the treaties being seen by the first peoples both as legal contracts and as perpetual and personal promises by successive reigning kings and queens to protect the welfare of Indigenous peoples ...
The Gradual Enfranchisement Act (French: Acte pourvoyant à l’émancipation graduelle) was an 1869 act of the 1st Canadian Parliament of the Parliament of Canada.The act introduced several policies and regulations for the supervision of Indigenous peoples in Canada, notably the establishment of elected band councils.
After Canada's acquisition of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory in 1870, the eleven Numbered Treaties were imposed on the First Nations from 1871 to 1921. These treaties are agreements with the Crown administered by Canadian Aboriginal law and overseen by the Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations. [18] Treaty rights would be ...
Along with Treaty 8, the Douglas Treaties were the last treaties signed between the Crown and the First Nations in British Columbia until Nisga'a Final Agreement. The treaties are controversial for a number of reasons and have been subject to numerous court cases.
Map of Numbered Treaties of Canada. Borders are approximated. The Numbered Treaties (or Post-Confederation Treaties) are a series of eleven treaties signed between the First Nations, one of three groups of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, and the reigning monarch of Canada (Victoria, Edward VII or George V) from 1871 to 1921. [12]
First Nations (French: Premières Nations) is a term used to identify Indigenous peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis. [2] [3] Traditionally, First Nations in Canada were peoples who lived south of the tree line, and mainly south of the Arctic Circle. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands across Canada. [4]
Treaty 3 was an agreement entered into on October 3, 1873, by Chief Mikiseesis (Little Eagle) [1] on behalf of the Ojibwe First Nations and Queen Victoria.The treaty involved a vast tract of Ojibwe territory, including large parts of what is now northwestern Ontario and a small part of eastern Manitoba, to the Government of Canada. [2]