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Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C 2 H 2 (CO) 2 O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid . It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor.
In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, the latter being produced by oxidation of benzene or butane. [4] Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. [8] Maleic acid may be used to form acid addition salts with drugs to make them more stable, such as indacaterol ...
A common type of organic acid anhydride is a carboxylic anhydride, where the parent acid is a carboxylic acid, the formula of the anhydride being (RC(O)) 2 O. Symmetrical acid anhydrides of this type are named by replacing the word acid in the name of the parent carboxylic acid by the word anhydride. [2] Thus, (CH 3 CO) 2 O is called acetic ...
They also polymerize readily. Acrylic acid, its esters, and its amide derivatives feature the acryloyl group. α,β-Unsaturated dicarbonyls are also common. The parent compounds are maleic acid and the isomeric fumaric acid. Maleic acid forms esters, an imide, and an anhydride, i.e. diethyl maleate, maleimide, and maleic anhydride.
In another process, maleic anhydride is first opened with water or another alcohol to form maleic acid and is then reacted with DCPD where an alcohol from the maleic acid reacts across one of the double bonds of the DCPD. This product is then used to end-cap the UPR resin which yields a product with unsaturation on the end-groups.
Among the types of reactions that can be catalyzed by Lewis acids, those with carbonyl-containing substrates have received the greatest amount of attention.The first major discovery in this area was in 1960, when Yates and Eaton reported the significant acceleration of the Diels-Alder reaction by AlCl 3 when maleic anhydride is the dienophile.
Maleic acid is produced from maleic anhydride. [7] Maleic acid can also be converted into fumaric acid by thermal or catalytic cis–trans isomerization. [15] [16] However, these conversion methods are occurring at high temperatures that causes formation of by-products from maleic and fumaric acids, as a result, yields are below the equilibrium ...
Dibutyl maleate can be prepared by the reaction of maleic acid anhydride and 1-butanol in presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid. [3] [4] Uses