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The Makabayang Katipunan ng mga Pilipino (Patriotic Association of Filipinos), better known as the Makapili, was a militant group formed in the Philippines on December 8, 1944, during World War II to give military aid to the Imperial Japanese Army. [1]
Japanese troops celebrate their conquest of Bataan Peninsula, Philippines. Japan launched an attack on the Philippines on 8 December 1941, just ten hours after their attack on Pearl Harbor. [3] Initial aerial bombardment was followed by landings of ground troops both north and south of Manila. [4]
In October 1944, American soldiers landed on Leyte, beginning the liberation of the Philippines. [14] General Tomoyuki Yamashita, the commander of the Japanese Fourteenth Area Army, transferred his headquarters to Baguio in December 1944, planning to fight a delaying action against the Americans to give time for Japan to defend itself. [5]
Japan and the USSR signed a neutrality pact in April 1941 and Japan increased pressure on the French and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia to cooperate in economic matters. Japanese forces occupied the naval and air bases of southern French Indochina on 22 July 1941. The Philippines was almost completely surrounded.
Leyte: June 1944 – Jan 1945, vol. 12 of History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-58317-0. Morison, Samuel Eliot (2001). The Liberation of the Philippines: Luzon, Mindanao, the Visayas 1944–1945, vol. 13 of History of United States Naval Operations in World War II (Reissue ed.). Castle ...
The attack on Pearl Harbor (called Hawaii Operation or Operation AI [17] [18] by the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters) was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan and the Philippines).
Davao was among the first cities in the Philippines to be occupied by Japanese troops in 1942. There were organized guerrilla resistance in Mindanao afterwards, the most prominent one commanded by Wendell W. Fertig, and were largely successful in tying down Japanese units in the island long before the liberation of Philippines began in 1944.
September 18 – Filipino forces under the 9th Samar Company of the Philippine Constabulary were ambushed at Barrio Cansumangkay in Balangiga, Samar and attack Japanese Imperial forces. September 21 – US forces raids Manila. September 26 – Tomoyuki Yamashita appointed as Japanese Military Governor (1944–1945).