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In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates a small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the following equilibrium: . NH 3 + H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + OH −.. In a 1 M ammonia solution, about 0.42% of the ammonia is converted to ammonium, equivalent to pH = 11.63 because [NH +
Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom. It is a positively charged molecular ion with the chemical formula NH + 4 or [NH 4] +.It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (NH 3).
When a salt of a metal ion, with the generic formula MX n, is dissolved in water, it will dissociate into a cation and anions. [citation needed]+ + (aq) signifies that the ion is aquated, with cations having a chemical formula [M(H 2 O) p] q+ and anions whose state of aquation is generally unknown.
Ammonium bifluoride, as its name indicates, contains an ammonium cation ([NH 4] +), and a bifluoride (or hydrogen difluoride) anion ([HF 2] −).The triatomic bifluoride anion features a strong three-center four-electron bond with a bond energy greater than 155 kJ/mol, [2] and an H-F length of 114 pm. [3]
Ammonium phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 3 PO 4.It is the ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid. A related "double salt", (NH 4) 3 PO 4. (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 is also recognized but is impractical to use.
Monoammonium phosphate crystals are piezoelectric, a property required in some active sonar transducers (the alternative being transducers that use magnetostriction).In the 1950s ADP crystals largely replaced the quartz and Rochelle salt crystals in transducers because they are easier to work than quartz and, unlike Rochelle salt, are not deliquescent.
Ammonium chloride, under the name sal ammoniac or salmiak is used as food additive under the E number E510, working as a yeast nutrient in breadmaking and as an acidifier. [31] It is a feed supplement for cattle and an ingredient in nutritive media for yeasts and many microorganisms.
Ammonia is a direct or indirect precursor to most manufactured nitrogen-containing compounds. It is the precursor to nitric acid, which is the source for most N-substituted aromatic compounds. Amines can be formed by the reaction of ammonia with alkyl halides or, more commonly, with alcohols: CH 3 OH + NH 3 → CH 3 NH 2 + H 2 O