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  2. Digestion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestion

    Egestion (Excretion): Removal of undigested materials from the digestive tract through defecation. Underlying the process is muscle movement throughout the system through swallowing and peristalsis. Each step in digestion requires energy, and thus imposes an "overhead charge" on the energy made available from absorbed substances.

  3. Excretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excretion

    Mammals excrete urine through the urinary system.. Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.In vertebrates, this is primarily carried out by the lungs, kidneys, and skin. [1]

  4. Defecation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defecation

    Human anatomy of the anorecturm (anus and rectum). Defecation (or defaecation) follows digestion, and is a necessary process by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces from the digestive tract via the anus or cloaca.

  5. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  6. Hydra vulgaris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_vulgaris

    They feed by extending their tentacles and waiting for food to touch the tentacles. They then bring the food to their mouth, ingest and digest the organism. Anything that cannot be digested is egested. Ingestion and egestion occur through the mouth. Like other hydras, Hydra vulgaris cling to a base object with a "foot" pad, shaped like a disk.

  7. Ecological efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_efficiency

    A sub-field of agricultural science has emerged that explores methods of monitoring and improving ecological and related efficiencies. In comparing the net efficiency of energy utilization by cattle, breeds historically kept for beef production , such as the Hereford , outperformed those kept for dairy production , such as the Holstein, in ...

  8. Biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology

    Biology is the scientific study of life. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For instance, all organisms are composed of at least one cell that processes hereditary information encoded in genes , which can be transmitted ...

  9. Secretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretion

    Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland.In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism.