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  2. Marching squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marching_squares

    Calculate a cell index using comparisons of the contour level(s) with the data values at the cell corners. Use a pre-built lookup table, keyed on the cell index, to describe the output geometry for the cell. Apply linear interpolation along the boundaries of the cell to calculate the exact contour position.

  3. List of open-source software for mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source...

    Octave (aka GNU Octave) is an alternative to MATLAB. Originally conceived in 1988 by John W. Eaton as a companion software for an undergraduate textbook, Eaton later opted to modify it into a more flexible tool. Development begun in 1992 and the alpha version was released in 1993. Subsequently, version 1.0 was released a year after that in 1994.

  4. Small Latin squares and quasigroups - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Latin_squares_and...

    Finding a given Latin square's isomorphism class can be a difficult computational problem for squares of large order. To reduce the problem somewhat, a Latin square can always be put into a standard form known as a reduced square. A reduced square has its top row elements written in some natural order for the symbol set (for example, integers ...

  5. Mathcad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathcad

    Mathcad's central interface is an interactive notebook in which equations and expressions are created and manipulated in the same graphical format in which they are presented (WYSIWYG). This approach was adopted by systems such as Mathematica, Maple, Macsyma, MATLAB, and Jupyter.

  6. Haversine formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haversine_formula

    The haversine formula determines the great-circle distance between two points on a sphere given their longitudes and latitudes.Important in navigation, it is a special case of a more general formula in spherical trigonometry, the law of haversines, that relates the sides and angles of spherical triangles.

  7. GNU Octave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave

    GNU Octave is a scientific programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation.Octave helps in solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible with MATLAB.

  8. Geopotential height - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopotential_height

    Geopotential height plays an important role in atmospheric and oceanographic studies. The differential form above may be substituted into the hydrostatic equation and ideal gas law in order to relate pressure to ambient temperature and geopotential height for measurement by barometric altimeters regardless of latitude or geometric elevation:

  9. Conjugate transpose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_transpose

    Even if is not square, the two matrices and are both Hermitian and in fact positive semi-definite matrices. The conjugate transpose "adjoint" matrix A H {\displaystyle \mathbf {A} ^{\mathrm {H} }} should not be confused with the adjugate , adj ⁡ ( A ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {adj} (\mathbf {A} )} , which is also sometimes called adjoint .