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X-linked genes are found on the sex X chromosome. X-linked genes just like autosomal genes have both dominant and recessive types. Recessive X-linked disorders are rarely seen in females and usually only affect males. This is because males inherit their X chromosome and all X-linked genes will be inherited from the maternal side.
Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's mother; the other is inherited from the organism's father.
A haplotype (haploid genotype) is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent. [1] [2] Many organisms contain genetic material which is inherited from two parents. Normally these organisms have their DNA organized in two sets of pairwise similar chromosomes. The offspring gets one chromosome in each pair ...
Codominance refers to traits in which both alleles are expressed in the offspring in approximately equal amounts. [20] A classic example is the ABO blood group system in humans, where both the A and B alleles are expressed when they are present. Individuals with the AB genotype have both A and B proteins expressed on their red blood cells. [20 ...
Most aspects of human biology involve both genetic (inherited) and non-genetic (environmental) factors. Some inherited variation influences aspects of our biology that are not medical in nature (height, eye color, ability to taste or smell certain compounds, etc.).
Linkage analysis is a genetic method that searches for chromosomal segments that cosegregate with the ailment phenotype through families. [7] It can be used to map genes for both binary and quantitative traits. [7] Linkage analysis may be either parametric (if we know the relationship between phenotypic and genetic similarity) or non-parametric.
The way our genes and environment interact to produce a trait can be complicated. For example, the chances of somebody dying of cancer or heart disease seems to depend on both their genes and their lifestyle. Genes are made from a long molecule called DNA, which is copied and inherited across generations
Zygosity (the noun, zygote, is from the Greek zygotos "yoked," from zygon "yoke") (/ z aɪ ˈ ɡ ɒ s ɪ t i /) is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence. In other words, it is the degree of similarity of the alleles in an organism.