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Melting, or fusion, is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases, typically by the application of heat or pressure, which increases the substance's temperature to the melting point. At the melting point, the ordering of ions or ...
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at a standard pressure such as 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.
Liquidus and solidus. While chemically pure materials have a single melting point, chemical mixtures often partially melt at the solidus temperature (TS or Tsol), and fully melt at the higher liquidus temperature (TL or Tliq). The solidus is always less than or equal to the liquidus, but they need not coincide.
In physics, a state of matter is one of the distinct forms in which matter can exist. Four states of matter are observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Many intermediate states are known to exist, such as liquid crystal, and some states only exist under extreme conditions, such as Bose–Einstein condensates and Fermionic ...
1802 K. 1529 °C. 2784 °F. The Gmelin rare earths handbook lists 1522 °C and 1550 °C as two melting points given in the literature, the most recent reference [Handbook on the chemistry and physics of rare earths, vol.12 (1989)] is given with 1529 °C.
A network solid or covalent network solid (also called atomic crystalline solids or giant covalent structures) [1][2] is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material. In a network solid there are no individual molecules, and the entire crystal or ...
In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma.
Molecular solid. Models of the packing of molecules in two molecular solids, carbon dioxide or Dry ice (a), [1] and caffeine (c). [2] The gray, red, and purple balls represent carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, respectively. Images of carbon dioxide (b) and caffeine (d) in the solid state at room temperature and atmosphere.