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The human nose is the first organ of the respiratory system. It is also the principal organ in the olfactory system. The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum, which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two. The nose has an important function in breathing.
The nasal mucosa lines the nasal cavity.It is part of the respiratory mucosa, the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. [1] [2] The nasal mucosa is intimately adherent to the periosteum or perichondrium of the nasal conchae.
Olfactory mucosa lines about 5cm 2 of the posterosuperior parts of the lateral nasal wall. Parts of the nasal cavity lined by olfactory mucosa include: parts of the roof of the nasal cavity, the superior nasal concha and some upper parts of the middle nasal concha, parts of the nasal septum, and the sphenoethmoidal recess.
The most anterior part of the nasal cavity is the nasal vestibule. [4] The vestibule is enclosed by the nasal cartilages and lined by the same epithelium of the skin (stratified squamous, keratinized). Within the vestibule, this changes into the typical respiratory epithelium that lines the rest of the nasal cavity and respiratory tract.
A nose is a sensory organ and respiratory structure in vertebrates. It consists of a nasal cavity inside the head, and an external nose on the face. The external nose houses the nostrils , or nares, a pair of tubes providing airflow through the nose for respiration .
A thin duct, which opens onto the floor of the nasal cavity inside the nostril, is the only way of access for stimulus chemicals. During embryological development, the vomeronasal sensory neurons form from the nasal (olfactory) placode , at the anterior edge of the neural plate ( cranial nerve zero ).
The choanae (internal nostrils) of a cat, indicated by the dashed lines and bounded by the vomer (blue gray) and the palatine bone (orange). The choanae (sg.: choana), posterior nasal apertures or internal nostrils are two openings found at the back of the nasal passage between the nasal cavity and the pharynx, in humans and other mammals (as well as crocodilians and most skinks).
The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.In humans, it measures 5 cm 2 (0.78 sq in) [1] and lies on the roof of the nasal cavity about 7 cm (2.8 in) above and behind the nostrils. [2]