Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Underwater construction is industrial construction in an underwater environment. It is a part of the marine construction industry. [1] It can involve the use of a variety of building materials, mainly concrete and steel. There is often, but not necessarily, a significant component of commercial diving involved.
Underwater use of hydrophobic concrete is a major application in marine facilities. Is often used to hold water to create pools and ponds. NASA used hydrophobic concrete to build the swimming pool used to train astronauts for walking on the Moon. Hydrophobic concrete is also used in applications that are exposed to rain or rain puddling, such ...
Prestressed and reinforced concrete have been used for several decades for the construction of large offshore platforms, mostly in the North Sea. Concrete is also used together with steel structure in hybrid and composite designs, and cement grout is used on steel platforms to bond piles to the skirts and jacket legs. [1]: Ch 4.3.1
The Romans first used hydraulic concrete in coastal underwater structures, probably in the harbours around Baiae before the end of the 2nd century BC. [12] The harbour of Caesarea is an example (22-15 BC) of the use of underwater Roman concrete technology on a large scale, [10] for which enormous quantities of pozzolana were imported from ...
Concrete offshore platforms of the gravity-base type are almost always constructed in their vertical attitude. This allows the inshore installation of deck girders and equipment and the later transport of the whole structure to the installation site. The most common concrete designs are: [citation needed] Condeep (with one, two, three or four ...
Reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC) is a lightweight form of concrete that was used in schools, colleges and other building construction from the 1950s until the mid-1990s, according to ...
Assembled tremie placing concrete underwater Hopper, pipes and lifting cap components of a tremie concrete placement tube. A tremie is a watertight pipe, usually of about 250 mm inside diameter (150 to 300 mm), [1] with a conical hopper at its upper end above the water level. It may have a loose plug or a valve at the bottom end.
Pozzolanas such as Santorin earth were used in the Eastern Mediterranean since 500–400 BC. Although pioneered by the ancient Greeks, it was the Romans who eventually fully developed the potential of lime-pozzolan pastes as binder phase in Roman concrete used for buildings and underwater construction.