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From the early Middle Ages there were bardic schools, that trained individuals in the poetic and musical arts. Monasteries served as major repositories of knowledge and education, often running schools. In the High Middle Ages, new sources of education arose including choir and grammar schools designed to train priests.
A carving of a seventeenth-century classroom with a dominie and his ten scholars, from George Heriot's School, Edinburgh. Education in early modern Scotland includes all forms of education within the modern borders of Scotland, between the end of the Middle Ages in the late fifteenth century and the beginnings of the Enlightenment in the mid-eighteenth century.
Many burgh schools moved away from this model of teaching from the late eighteenth century as the new commercial and vocational subjects led to the employment of more teachers. From the 1790s urban schools were often rebuild in a more imposing classical style, from public subscription, or a legacy, and renamed academies. [2]
Norman staircase at King's School, Canterbury (founded 597). Although the term scolae grammaticales was not widely used until the 14th century, the earliest such schools appeared from the sixth century, e.g. the King's School, Canterbury (founded 597), the King's School, Rochester (604) and St Peter's School, York (627) [1] [2] The schools were attached to cathedrals and monasteries, teaching ...
The movement peaked in the 1890s. By 1890 the Baptists had more Sunday schools than churches and were teaching over 10,000 children. [11] In 1895, 50,000 teachers were working within the Church of Scotland in these schools [12] and 60 per cent of children aged 5–15 in Glasgow were enrolled on their books. [13]
By the end of the Middle Ages grammar schools could be found in all the main burghs and some small towns. Early examples including the High School of Glasgow in 1124 and the High School of Dundee in 1239. [5] There were also petty schools, more common in rural areas and providing an elementary education. [6]
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Early examples of grammar schools include the High School of Glasgow in 1124 and the High School of Dundee in 1239. [8] These were usually attached to cathedrals or a collegiate church. [8] The newly created diocesan chancellors may have had authority over cathedral schools and schoolmasters within their diocese. [2]